Effects of self-generated sad mood on regional cerebral activity: A PET study in normal subjects

Depression ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Gemar ◽  
Shitij Kapur ◽  
Zindel V. Segal ◽  
Gregory M. Brown ◽  
Sylvain Houle
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Cerebral Activity ◽  
Sad Mood

scholarly journals Normative study of tympanic infrared thermometry: a non-invasive index of asymmetric cerebral activity

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Cicarini de Landa ◽  
Joaquim P. Brasil-Neto ◽  
Raphael Boechat-Barros ◽  
Carlos Uribe
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Tympanic Temperature ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Normative Study ◽  
Infrared Thermometry ◽  
Cerebral Activity ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Neurological Patients ◽  
Interaural Differences

Human and primate studies have demonstrated that performance of tasks that induce asymmetrical physiological activation of the cerebral hemispheres leads to a reduction of tympanic temperature (TT) ipsilateral to the most active hemisphere. It is possible that diseases that interfere in an asymmetrical fashion with the degree of cerebral activity cause similar TT changes. There are not, however, normative studies of the acceptable interaural difference in TT in normal subjects at rest. This study was done to establish normative values for interaural TT values measured by means of infrared tympanic thermometry in resting normal subjects not engaged in any specific task. TT values were measured in 47 normal volunteers (20 men and 27 women, aged 39.38±12.57 years old) at rest; mean interaural differences of TT were calculated. Mean right ear TT was 36.85±0.50ºC and mean left ear TT was 36.74±0.57ºC; these values are in agreement with those already reported in the literature. Mean interaural TT difference was 0.25ºC (SD 0.21ºC). These findings indicate that maximal normal values for interaural TT differences, with confidence levels of 99% and 95%, are, respectively, 0.88 and 0.67ºC. The value of interaural differences of TT as a marker of asymmetrical hemispheric activity in neurological patients will have to be established by additional studies.

Changes of cognition and regional cerebral activity during acute hypoglycemia in normal subjects: A H215O positron emission tomographic study

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 1922-1928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise G. Bie-Olsen ◽  
Troels W. Kjaer ◽  
Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard ◽  
Markus N. Lonsdale ◽  
Jens Juul Holst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Positron Emission Tomographic ◽  
Cerebral Activity ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Acute Hypoglycemia

Affect, Affective Disorder and Schizophrenia

1990 ◽  
Vol 156 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony S. David ◽  
John C. Cutting
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Perceptual Bias ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Sad Mood

Performance on a happy-sad chimeric face test was used to examine the role of right hemisphere activation in positive and negative affect, both normal and abnormal, as well as in schizophrenia. This test is known to elicit a left-sided perceptual bias in right-handed normal subjects. Happy and sad mood in normals did not influence the perceptual bias. Depression and mania were associated with reduced and increased biases respectively, while schizophrenics showed no bias to either side. Possible explanations are right hemisphere hyperfunction in mania, moderate relative hypofunction in depression, and severe relative hypofunction in schizophrenia. The marked difference between mania and schizophrenia supports distinct pathophysiologies underlying the two conditions.

Auditory Selective Attention in Cerebral-Palsied Individuals

1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Ann Laraway
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Auditory Selective Attention ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between the auditory selective attention abilities of normal and cerebral-palsied individuals. Twenty-three cerebral-palsied and 23 normal subjects between the ages of 5 and 21 were asked to repeat a series of 30 items consisting of from 2 to 4 digits in the presence of intermittent white noise. Results of the study indicate that cerebral-palsied individuals perform significantly poorer than normal individuals when the stimulus is accompanied by noise. Noise was not a significant factor in the performance of the normal subjects regardless of age.

The Effect of Stapedectomy on the Loudness of One’s Own Voice

1965 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Melnick
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Sound Energy ◽  
Loudness Function ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

Five subjects with normal middle ear mechanisms, and otosclerotic patients, before and after stapedectomy, matched the loudness of their voices to the loudness of a 125-cps-sawtooth noise. The results showed loudness matching functions with gradual slopes, less than 1.00, for the normal subjects and the patients prior to stapedectomy. Post-surgically, the loudness function for the patients increased in steepness to considerably more than 1.00. These results are explained, most logically, in terms of increased sensitivity of the altered middle ear to sound energy generated by the listener’s own voice.

Delayed Auditory Feedback with Different Delay Times at Each Ear

1964 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-371
Author(s):  
Samuel Fillenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Delay Interval ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Delay Times

Binaurally asynchronous delayed auditory feedback (DAF) was compared with synchronous DAF in 80 normal subjects. Asynchronous DAF (0.10 sec difference) did not yield results different from those obtained under synchronous DAF with a 0.20 sec delay interval, an interval characteristically resulting in maximum disruptions in speech.

Object Transformations in the Play of Language-Impaired Children

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Y. Terrell ◽  
Richard G. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Play Behavior ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Language Impaired ◽  
Normal Language ◽  
Mean Length Of Utterance ◽  
Impaired Children

The play behavior of 10 language-impaired children was observed. Their performances in play were compared to those of 10 normal-language children matched for chronological age as well as to those of 10 normal-language children matched for mean length of utterance. The children were observed as they played spontaneously with a standard group of toys and as they played with objects that required object transformations for successful play. The chronological age-matched normal subjects showed a trend toward performance of more object transformations in play than either the language-impaired or younger normal-language children. Additionally, although object transformations were observed in both segments, all children performed more object transformations with objects than with toys.

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